| Name | Image | Description | Video |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agung |  | The agung is a Philippine set of two, wide-rimmed, vertically-suspended gongs used by the Maguindanao, Maranao and Tausug as a supportive instrument in their kulintang ensemble. The agung is also ubiquitous among other groups found in Mindanao, Sabah, Sarawak and Kalimantan as an integral part of their agung orchestra. | |
| Agung a Tamlang |  | The Agung a Tamlang is a type of Philippine slit drum made of hollowed out bamboo in imitation of the real agung. Pitch is determined by the length and depth of the slit. The agung a tamlang is used as practice for the real agung: players either use either one agung a tamlang (hold it with one hand and using the other to strike it with a beater) or using two agung a tamlangs where the other agung is held with one’s feet. | |
| Babendil |  | The babendil is a single, narrow-rimmed Philippine gong used primary as the “timekeeper” of the Maguindanao kulintang ensemble. The babendil usually has a diameter of roughly one foot making it larger than the largest kulintang gong and comparable to the diameter of the agung or gandingan. The babendil could be played while standing or when seated with the babendil hung half a foot from the floor. | |
| Dabakan |  | The dabakan is a single-headed Philippine drum, primarily used as a supportive instrument in the kulintang ensembles, which have been playing for centuries in regions of the Eastern Malay Archipelago. The dabakan is frequently described as either hour-glass, conical, tubular, or goblet in shape. Normally, the dabakan is found having a length of more than two feet and a diameter of more than a foot. | |
| Gandingan |  | The gandingan (talking gongs) is a set of four large Philippine brass hanging-gongs used specifically by the Maguindanao as part of their kulintang ensemble. When integrated into the ensemble, it functions as a secondary melodic instrument after the main melodic instrument, the kulintang. When played solo, the gandingan allows fellow Maguindanao to communicate with each other, allowing them to send messages or warnings via long distances. Traditionally, women were the only ones allowed to play the gandingan. | |
| Kagul |  | The kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit drum of the Maguindanaon with a jagged edge on one side, played with two beaters, one scarping the jagged edge and the other one making a beat. The Maguindanaon and the Banuwaen use it in the rice paddies to guard against voracious birds, using the sound it produces to scare them away. The Maguindanaon and the Bukidnon also use it for simple dance rhythms during social occasions. | |
| Kubing |  | The kubing is a type of Philippine Jew's harp of bamboo found among the Maguindanaon and other Muslim and non-Muslim tribes in the Philippines and Indonesia. It is also called kobing (Maranao), kolibau (Tingguian), aru-ding (Tagbanua)), aroding (Palawan), kulaing (Yakan), karombi (Toraja), yori (Kailinese). Ones made of sugar palm-leaf are called karinta (Munanese), ore-ore mbondu or ore Ngkale (Butonese.) The kubing is traditionally considered an intimate instrument, usually used as communication between family members in close quarters. | |
| Kulintang |  | Kulintang is a row of small, horizontally-laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums. As part of the larger gong-chime culture of Southeast Asia, kulintang music ensembles have been playing for centuries in regions of the Eastern Malay Archipelago — the Southern Philippines, Eastern Indonesia, Eastern Malaysia, Brunei and Timor. The kulintang is played by striking the bosses of the gongs with two wooden beaters. The image shows a kulintang ensemble performance in Daly City. | |
| Kulintang A Kayo |  | The kulintang a kayo (literally, “wooden kulintang”) is a Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight tuned slabs arranged horizontally atop a wooden antangan (rack). Made of soft wood such as bayug, the kulintang a kayo is a common found among Maguindanaon households with a musical background. | |
| Kulintang A Tiniok |  | The kulintang a tiniok is a type of Philippine metallophone with eight tuned knobbed metal plates strung together via string atop a wooden antangan (rack). Kulintang a tiniok is a Maguindanaon term meaning “kulintang with string” but they also could call them kulintang a putao, meaning “kulintang of metal.” The Maranao refer to this instrument as a sarunay (or salunay, salonay, saronay, saronai, sarunai), terminology which has become popular for this instrument in America. | |
| Kutiyapi |  | The kutiyapi, also called faglong, fegereng or fuglung, is a Philippine two-stringed, fretted boat-lute. It is the only stringed instrument among the Maguindanaon (a province of the Philippines). It is four to six feet long with nine frets made of hardened beeswax. The instrument is carved out of solid soft wood such as from the jackfruit tree. | |
| Palendag |  | The palendag (also called pulalu, palandag, pulala or lumundeg) is a Philippine bamboo flute, the largest one used by the Maguindanaon (a province of the Philippines.) A lip-valley flute, it is considered the hardest of the three bamboo flutes (the others being the tumpong and the suling) to use because of the way one must shape one's lips against its end to make a sound. The construction of the mouthpiece is such that the lower end is cut diagonally to accommodate the lower lip and the second diagonal cut is made for the blowing edge. Among the Bukidnon, a similar instrument with the same construction except that it is three-fourths the length of the palendag, is called the hulakteb. For the Maguindanaon, the palendag was used for intimate gatherings for families in the evening. | |
| Tumpong |  | The tumpong is a type of Philippine bamboo flute used by the Maguindanaon, half the size of the largest bamboo flute, the palendag. A lip-valley flute like the palendag, the tumpong makes a sound when players blow through a bamboo reed placed on top of the instrument and the air stream produced is passed over an airhole atop the instrument. This masculine instrument is usually played during family gatherings in the evening and is presently the most common flute played by the Maguindanaon. |
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